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Network Devices Demystified: Hub, Switch, Router, Firewall, and Data Diode
All of them are networking devices, and each plays a specific role. In this article, I explained the data diode using the analogy of a dam. Next text will be a bit more technical but aims to clearly explain the difference between each device in simple, human terms — and…
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Beating the Dead Horse or Riding It Wisely?
The Future of AI in Industrial Control Systems Artificial Intelligence is not dying. It is maturing—painfully. Every few years, technology reaches a point where hype outruns economics. The recent warning that today’s 20-dollar AI tools could soon cost five hundred is one such signal. The market will correct itself, and…
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The Next Black Swan Won’t Be on Anyone’s Checklist
Why Trust, Context, and Meaning Form the Cornerstone of Resilient Operations The flood in Abu Dhabi was a Black Swan — once. Now everyone’s digging drains, installing water sensors, and putting “flood” on the risk register. Just like they’ve done with cyberattacks.And system faults.And random hardware failures. But what about…
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.AI Bubble: When the Hype Fails, Will Your Plant Still Be Online?
We’ve been here before. Remember the .com boom? The big promises? The websites that would “change everything”? Most of them crashed. Not because the internet was a bad idea — but because too many businesses forgot the basics. Now it’s happening again. Only this time, the buzzword is AI. But here’s…
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Goodbye layers. Hello channels
The Control Architecture That Makes Sense in 2025 Still running your control system like it’s 1995? Most industrial sites aren’t building from scratch.They’re fighting to keep obsolete systems alive—and trying to make them secure, cloud-ready, and compliant at the same time. But here’s the problem:You can’t modernize by just adding…
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Purdue Was Great — 30 Years Ago. It’s Time to Move On
Introducing the ‘Beyond Purdue’ Newsletter for Modern ICS Professionals If you’ve worked in industrial control systems anytime in the last 30 years, you’ve heard of the Purdue Model. Created in the 1990s at Purdue University, this layered architecture gave structure to the chaos of industrial environments. It separated physical processes…